A new way of thinking about Space.
Technology and construction was changing the method of designing and making. For example constructing a large concrete and steel edifice above an ornamental, decorative façade.
Le Corbusier designed his own education; he was self-taught. He started to draw from an early age and traveled around Europe increasing his inspiration. He worked in Peter Behrens practise with Walter Grupious and Mies van der Rohe. He was surrounded by technological influences in design, which in return influenced him.
In Le Corbusier early work he designed a Swiss house in Switzerland: it is a very traditional house influenced by what he was reading and seeing at the time. He taught and wrote a lot about architecture and design and the new methods and possibilities for architecture.
He designed the Domino System (Domestic innovation) which was a simple framework out of concrete. It consists of a simple block foundation and pillars to hold up each floor, allowing the design to not be restricted by height. There was no need for structural walls, which gave more freedom to the way buildings could be designed, and allowing for more inventive materials to be experimented with, such as large glass walls.
1. Le Corbusier | The Domino System
France | Purism
A movement in France from 1918-1925 rejecting the decorative friend of cubism and encouraging the simple formats of the machine age.
Le Corbusier used to paint in the morning and design in the afternoon, his work relates to the De Stijl movement with use of orthogonal lines, colour and off balance symmetry. He worked on many different scales and wrote about art and architecture in L’Espirit Nouveau. He redesigned the perfect city, ordering the roads and buildings.
His early works were unknown. He was finding new ways of organising space, using materials and the construction, which is now seen all the time.
2. Le Corbusier | Pavilion de l'espirit Nouveau 1925
The space is very organised; each space is allocated and holds a different spatial quality. He used double height rooms, which was fresh at the time; he wanted to suggest new ways of living. He presented ideas, which were completely stripped down and had little decoration. He mixed the plane and shipping industry with the domestic, housing industry.
To design the perfect house he designed 4 different types of house.
1 Design the house from inside out.
2 A rigid, pure form
3 Design with a visible framework and a transparent network.
4 He mixed the three types together to generate a new space, seen in the Villa Savoye.
Other houses he designed:
Maison La Roche 1923
A cellular organised manner. This was very cinematic.
Ozenfant Studio 1926
He used the domino effect, with large glass windows. The roof is an industrial double peak. There was lots of natural wall and ceiling light. He designed he house from the point of view of the camera lens.
Maison Cook 1926
He first used the 5 points of architecture
1 the pilotis
2 the toit jardin
3 the plain libre
4 the fenere de longeur
5 the façade libre
He used double/triple heights in the rooms to give a sense of free space.
Villa Stein de Monzre
His scale of work was increasing and becoming more graphic. He used geometric patterns to define the geometric pattern; the golden section.
Villa Savoye 1928
Consisted of clean, pure forms.
It was a statement of Le Corbusier as a designer.
Image Reference
1. http://www.tecnologos.it/Articoli/articoli/numero_010/03concrete/14concrete.gif
2. http://www.retropolis.net/exposition/corbusier3.jpg
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